Introduction

The GP2Y1010AU0F is an optical air quality sensor that detects fine particles like dust, smoke, and other airborne contaminants. Using infrared LED and phototransistor technology, it provides analog output proportional to particulate concentration, making it ideal for air quality monitors and industrial applications.

Key Features

Technical Specifications

Pin Configuration

Pin	Color	Description	Arduino Connection
1	Black	Ground	GND
2	Red	LED Power (5V)	5V via 150Ω resistor
3	Yellow	LED Control	D2 (Digital Output)
4	Green	Not Connected	–
5	White	Analog Output	A0 (Analog Input)
6	Blue	VCC (5V)	5V

Wiring Diagram (Arduino)

// GP2Y1010AU0F Connections:
// Black  → GND
// Red    → 5V through 150Ω resistor
// Yellow → D2 (LED control)
// White  → A0 (Analog Input)
// Blue   → 5V
// Green  → Not connected

// Required Components:
// - 150Ω resistor for LED
// - 220μF capacitor between VCC and GND

Basic Dust Detection

const int ledPin = 2;
const int analogPin = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // Pulse LED for 0.32ms every 10ms
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(280);
  int voRaw = analogRead(analogPin);
  delayMicroseconds(40);
  digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(9680);
  
  // Convert to voltage (0-5V scale)
  float voltage = voRaw * (5.0 / 1023.0);
  
  // Calculate dust density (mg/m³)
  float dustDensity = (voltage - 0.6) / 5.0;
  
  Serial.print("Dust Density: ");
  Serial.print(dustDensity);
  Serial.println(" mg/m³");
  
  delay(1000);
}

Advanced Applications

// Moving average filter
#define READINGS 10
float dustHistory[READINGS];
int index = 0;

float getAvgDensity(float newReading) {
  dustHistory[index] = newReading;
  index = (index + 1) % READINGS;
  
  float sum = 0;
  for(int i=0; i

// Convert to AQI
float getAQI(float dustDensity) {
  if(dustDensity <= 0.054) {
    return (50/0.054) * dustDensity;
  } else if(dustDensity <= 0.154) {
    return 50 + (50/0.1) * (dustDensity-0.054);
  } else if(dustDensity <= 0.254) {
    return 100 + (50/0.1) * (dustDensity-0.154);
  } else {
    return 150 + (100/0.25) * (dustDensity-0.254);
  }
}

// Record to SD card
#include 
#include 

File dataFile;

void setup() {
  SD.begin(4);
  dataFile = SD.open("dust.csv", FILE_WRITE);
}

void loop() {
  float density = getDustDensity();
  dataFile.print(millis());
  dataFile.print(",");
  dataFile.println(density);
  delay(60000); // Log every minute
}

// Send data via WiFi
#include 

void sendDustData(float density) {
  WiFiClient client;
  if(client.connect("api.thingspeak.com",80)) {
    String url = "/update?api_key=YOUR_KEY&field1=";
    url += String(density);
    client.print("GET "+url+" HTTP/1.1\r\n");
    client.print("Host: api.thingspeak.com\r\n\r\n");
  }
  client.stop();
}